Clermont-ferrand : The main city of Auvergne

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Emplazamiento / Ciudad:

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Welcome to CLERMONT-FERRAND
an extra service of European City Guide / ECG
eurocityguide.com - europeancityguide.com

Information about CLERMONT-FERRAND CLERMONT-FERRAND lies at the northern tip of the Massif Central. Although its situation is magnificent, almost encircled by the wooded and grassy volcanoes of the Monts-D�mes, it has for over a century been a typical smokestack industrial centre, the home base of Michelin tyres, which makes it a rather incongruous capital for the rustic, even backward province of the Auvergne. Its roots, both as a spa and a communications and trading centre, go back to Roman times. It was just outside the town, on the plateau of Gergovia to the south, that the Gauls under the leadership of Vercing�torix won their only, albeit indecisive, victory against Julius Caesar's invading Romans. In the Middle Ages, the two towns of Clermont and Montferrand were divided by commercial and political rivalry and ruled respectively by a bishop and the count of Auvergne. Louis XIII united them administratively in 1630, but it was not until the rapid industrial expansion of the late nineteenth century that the two really became indistinguishable. Indeed, it was Clermont that took the ascendancy, relegating Montferrand to a suburban backwater. Michelin came into being thanks to the inventions of Charles Mackintosh, the Scotsman of raincoat fame. His niece married �douard Daubr�e, a Clermont sugar manufacturer, and brought with her some ideas about making rubber goods that she had learnt from her uncle. In 1889, the company became Michelin and Co, just in time to catch the development of the automobile and the World War I aircraft industry. The family ruled the town and employed 30,000 of its citizens until the early 1980s, when the industry went into decline. In the years since, the workforce has been halved, causing rippling unemployment throughout Clermont's economy. Many of those who have lost their jobs are Portuguese immigrants, imported over the last forty years to fill the labour vacuum and well integrated with the local population. As in many other traditional industrial towns hit by recession and changing global patterns of trade, Clermont has had to struggle to reorientate itself, turning to service industries and the creation of a university of 34,000 students. Nonetheless, many people have moved elsewhere in search of work, reducing the population by nearly a tenth. The town has changed physically, too, as many of the old factories have been demolished. Despite all of this, the old centre has a surprisingly hip and youthful feel, with pavement bars packed out in the evenings as the boutiques and galleries which have sprung up wind down for the day.

Available Trades in CLERMONT-FERRAND ACTIVIDADES ART�STICAS Y LITERARIAS
AGRICULTURA, FLORICULTURA, HORTICULTURA, PISCICULT
ALIMENTACI�N, BEBIDAS, PRENSA
ARQUITECTOS, DISE�ADORES, INGENIEROS, PERITOS
ARTE, ARTESAN�AS, ANTIG�EDADES
ASOCIACIONES, ORGANIZACIONES
AUDIO-V�DEO, SUMINISTRIOS Y SERVICIOS
BANCA Y FINANCIACI�N, SEGUROS
BARES, RESTAURANTES, CAF�S, CLUBES, DISCOTECAS
BIENES INMUEBLES
CENTROS C�VICOS, BIBLIOTECAS, ARCHIVOS
CIENCIA, INVESTIGACI�N
COMERCIO Y NEGOCIOS, IMPORTACI�N-EXPORTACI�N, PEDI
CONSTRUCCI�N Y MATERIAL
COSM�TICA, HIGIENE Y CUIDADO CORPORAL, PELUQUER�A
DECORADOS Y ESCENOGRAF�A, PREPARACI�N DE EVENTOS,
DEPORTES, OCIO Y SALUD
EDITORIALES, IMPRENTA, INDUSTRIA PAPELERA
EDUCACI�N, ESCUELAS Y FORMACI�N ACAD�MICA
ELECTR�NICA, ELECTROT�CNICA
ENERG�A, ELECTRICIDAD, GAS Y AGUA, ELECTRODOM�STIC
ESOTERISMO
ESPECT�CULOS, CINES, TEATROS, RADIO Y CANALES DE T
FABRICANTES INDUSTRIALES, PROVEEDORES Y SERVICIOS
FOTOGRAF�A, ARTE Y DISE�O GR�FICO
GANADO, ANIMALES DOM�STICOS, VETERINARIOS, EQUIPOS
GESTI�N Y ASESOR�A, SERVICIOS DE CONTABILIDAD
GRABACI�N MUSICALES Y DE SONIDO
HOGAR Y JARD�N, SUMINISTROS Y SERVICIOS
HOTELES Y CATERING
INDUSTRIA DEL METAL Y DEL ACERO
JOYEROS, RELOJEROS, �PTICOS
JUEGOS DE AZAR Y JUEGOS DE ORDENADOR
MEC�NICA, HIDR�ULICA, NEUM�TICOS
MEDICINA ALTERNATIVA Y PROVEEDORES
MEDICINA, MEDICINA AUXILIAR Y EQUIPOS M�DICOS
MEDIO AMBIENTE Y RECICLAJE
MUEBLES - FABRICANTES Y PROVEEDORES
MUSEOS, GALER�AS DE ARTE, SALAS DE SUBASTAS
PANADER�AS Y PASTELER�AS
PETROQU�MICA, CAUCHO, PL�STICO
PRODUCTOS QU�MICOS Y FARMAC�UTICOS
PUBLICIDAD, MARKETING, COMUNICACI�N
RESIDENCIAS Y SERVICIOS DE ATENCI�N SANITARIA
SERVICIOS JUR�DICOS
SERVICIOS Y AGENCIAS
SUMINISTROS DE OFICINA, SERVICIOS DE OFICINA, COPI
TECNOLOG�A DE LA INFORMACI�N Y TELECOMUNICACIONES
TECNOLOG�A Y SERVICIOS T�CNICOS
TEXTILES, CUERO, PIELES, ROPA, ACCESORIOS, EQUIPOS
TRANSPORTE, ALMACENAMIENTO, EMBALAJE
TURISMO Y VIAJES, ATRACCIONES, PARQUES Y JARDINES
VEH�CULOS, MOTOCICLETAS, BICICLETAS ? VENTAS Y SER
VENTAS Y SERVICIOS

FRANCE

Informaci�n General
Capital: Paris
Superficie: 547,030 km²
Poblaci�n: 59,765,983
Electricidad: 220V
Elecci�n: +33
N�mero de Emergencia: 17
Horario de la zona: GMT +1 hora (+2 horas Mar-Oct)

Lenguaje
Idioma: Franc�s, Dialecto local

Gobierno
Gobierno: Rep�blica

Religi�n
Religi�n: Cat�licos, Protestantes, Jud�osy Musulm�nes

Salud
Salud: T�tanos-Difteria, Meningokokken-Meningitis, Hepatitis B y FSME/RSSE

Moneda
Moneda: Euro (EUR) 1.00 = 100 Centavos

Cambio
Cambio: EUR 1.00 = USD 1.05 = GBP 0.66 = CHF 1.46

Horas de Oficinas
Horas de Oficinas: Lu -Vi: 09.00 - 12.00 y 14.00 - 18.00

L�mite de Velocidad
L�mite de Velocidad: Ciudades: 50 km/h, Ciudades exteriores: 90 km/h, Carreteras: 110 km/h, Autopistas: 130 km/h

Tr�fico
Tr�fico: Se conduce por la derecha.edad m�nima: 18 a�os. Llevar los cinturones de seguridad de los asientos delanteros y traseros son obligados.

Licencia de Conducir
Licencia de Conducir: Carn� de conducir nacional

D�as de fiestas Nacionales
D�as de fiestas nacionales: 1. Ene. A�o Nuevo; lunes de pascua (variable); La ascenci�n de Cristo (variable); Lunes de pascua (variable), 14. Jul. D�a Nacional, 11. Nov. D�a de los Santos, 11. Nov. D�a reservado de las armas, 25. Dic. Navidad

Clima
Clima: Generalmente fresco en invierno y agradable en verano, sin embargo tambi�n agradable en invierno y caliente en verano a lo largo del Mediterr�neo, de vez en cuando fuertes, frios y secos del norte a noreste vientos, conocido como Mistral..

Temperaturas
Temperaturas:

	Ene	Feb	Mar	Abr	May	Jun	Jul	Ago	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dic
T	3	4	7	10	14	17	19	19	16	11	7	4
D	17	14	12	13	13	12	12	13	13	14	15	16
S	64	83	152	185	223	233	231	204	166	122	63	53

T = Temperatura media (°C)
D = D�as de precipitaci�n
S = Sol (Horas/Mes)

Red M�vil
Red M�vil: GSM 900 / 1800

GPS
GPS: 46 00 N, 2 00 E

Horas de Compras
Horas de Compras: Casas comerciantes: 09.00 - 20.00. La mayoria de los negocios est�n estre 12.00 y 14.30 cerrados. los negocios de productos alimenticios: 07.00 - 19.00 / 19.30; algunas de estas, especialmente las panaderias est�n los domingos en la ma�ana abiertas, y por eso seguramente que los lunes est�n cerradas. Muchos negocios est�n todo o solo mediod�a del lunes cerrado. Los hipermercados est�n normalmente abirtos de 9.00 a 19.00/20.00, a veces hasta las 21.00 o 22.00.

Conversor

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Valor

Reloj Mundial

Meteorolog�a

Valencia / Aeropuerto, Spain

Temperature:

26 °C (79 °F) dew-point at: 8 °C (46 °F).

Winds:

Windspeed 2.6 meters per second (5.8 miles per hour) from southeast (130°), varying between east (080°) and south (170°).

Escoja estaci�n

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